Rating Unsaturated Zone and Watershed Characteristics of Public Water Supplies - Updates
This project was completed in 2009. These pages are for historical purposes only.
Metadata - Unsaturated Zone Rating
inher_gw | |
Data format: Raster Dataset File or table name: inher_gw Coordinate system: State Plane Coordinate System 1983 Theme keywords: Inherenent Vulnerability, soils, land use, land cover, ground water, slope, elevation |
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Abstract:
This data set represents the ratings applied to the unsaturated
zone for North Carolina. It is one of 6 data
sets updated for the North Carolina Public Water Supply, Source
Water Assessment Program. These data are used to rate the susceptibility of
public water supplies in North Carolina to contamination.
The original dataset was produced in 2000. This version is updated to reflect new data sources.
The selected factors contributing to the unsaturated zone rating
for ground-water supplies include vertical series hydraulic conductance,
land-surface slope, land cover, and land use. For ground-water systems,
the higher the inherent vulnerability of the unsaturated zone, the
higher the rating applied on a scale of 10 to 100. |
FGDC and ESRI Metadata:
- Identification Information
- Data Quality Information
- Spatial Data Organization Information
- Spatial Reference Information
- Entity and Attribute Information
- Distribution Information
- Metadata Reference Information
Metadata elements shown with blue text are defined in the Federal Geographic Data Committee's (FGDC) Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM). Elements shown with green text are defined in the ESRI Profile of the CSDGM. Elements shown with a green asterisk (*) will be automatically updated by ArcCatalog. ArcCatalog adds hints indicating which FGDC elements are mandatory; these are shown with gray text.
- Identification Information:
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- Citation:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti
- *Title:
- inher_gw
- *File or table name: inher_gw
- Publication date: 2009
- Edition: Version 1.0, June 30, 2009
- *Geospatial data presentation form: raster digital data
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
- *Online linkage: \\Igsavbewfs001\Work\SWAP_updates\FinalLayers\GW\inher_gw
- Description:
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- Abstract:
- Purpose:
- Supplemental information:
- *Language of dataset: en
This data set represents the ratings applied to the unsaturated zone for North Carolina. It is one of 6 data sets updated for the North Carolina Public Water Supply, Source Water Assessment Program. These data are used to rate the susceptibility of public water supplies in North Carolina to contamination. The original dataset was produced in 2000. This version is updated to reflect new data sources. The selected factors contributing to the unsaturated zone rating for ground-water supplies include vertical series hydraulic conductance, land-surface slope, land cover, and land use. For ground-water systems, the higher the inherent vulnerability of the unsaturated zone, the higher the rating applied on a scale of 10 to 100.
The purpose of this data set is to rate the susceptibility to contamination of the unsaturated zone for public ground-water supplies.
The 1996 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act require that each state prepare a source-water assessment for all public water supplies. States are required to (1) delineate source areas supplying wells and surface-water intakes, (2) inventory potential contaminant sources within the delineated source areas, and (3) determine the susceptibility of wells or intakes to the inventoried potential contaminant sources. In North Carolina, the lead agency charged with this task is the Public Water Supply Section (PWSS) of the Division of Environmental Health, Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). North Carolina's Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) provides assessments of each public drinking water intake in North Carolina. These assessments provide a relative susceptibility rating calculated using state-wide data. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cooperated with the PWSS to provide components of the inherent vulnerability rating that was used with the contaminant rating to determine the overall susceptibility rating of source water supplies. To assist the PWSS with rating ground water inherent vulnerability, the USGS compiled the unsaturated zone rating based on the following characteristics: vertical hydraulic conductance, depth to water, land surface slope, land use and land cover. The watershed characteristic rating includes average annual precipitation, land surface slope, land use, land cover and groundwater contribution. The SWAP program has planned for updates to the initial ratings as conditions change and new data sources become available. The initial data used to calculate the unsaturated zone ratings and watershed characteristics ratings were compiled from sources from the late 1990's. Critical data layers have been updated since the ratings were calculated. These improved data layers need to be used in the ongoing update of the susceptibility ratings. Overlay and index methods for rating susceptibility to contamination of the unsaturated zone for ground-water suppplies, and watershed characteristics for surface-water supplies were derived for use by the State of North Carolina in assessing more than 11,000 public water-supply wells and approximately 245 public surface-water intakes. Factors that influence the inherent vulnerability of ground water and surface water were selected and assigned ratings on a scale of 1 to 10. These factors were then assigned weight to reflect their relative influence on inherent vulnerability and the reliability of the data. The values for each factor were obtained from geographic information system (GIS) data layers that were transformed into ARC/INFO raster data sets known as grids. These raster data sets have 30-meter by 30-meter cells, and each cell is assigned a weighted- factor value. Limitations -- The overlay and index methods of unsaturated zone and watershed characteristics ratings are broad-stroke methods that assess vulnerability on the basis of expert opinion. The methods aslo have limitations in the age and scale of the hydrologic and geographic data. But the most significant limitation of the methods used is that no statistical confirmation of the results have been performed. UNSATURATED ZONE RATING -- The relative unsaturated zone rating is based on a combination of factors that contribute to the likelihood that contaminants from surface and shallow sources will reach the water table by following the path of aquifer recharge. The selected factors, which are represented by GIS spatial-data layers, include vertical series conductance of the unsaturated zone, land-surface slope, land cover, and land use. The values of each of these four factors are categorized, and the categories are assigned a rating on a scale of 1 to 10. A rating of 1 reflects a low contribution to inherent vulnerability and 10 reflects a high contribution. For example, the rating for land-surface slope is low (1) in areas of high slope (greater than 50 percent) and high (10) in areas of low slope (less than 2 percent) because increased infiltration potential in flatter terrain leads to an increased likelihood of ground-water contamination. With the exception of land use, these factors describe influences on the physical transport of water, with or without contaminants. The land-use factor is included as a measure of the potential for generating nonpoint-source contamination at land surface. For the purpose of calculating the unsaturated zone rating, each of these four factors is weighted on the basis of importance of the factor in determining vulnerability. Vertical series conductance and land use are weighted more heavily than are land-surface slope and land cover. For each cell, the product of the factor weights and ratings are summed to determine the total rating for the cell, resulting in a relative numerical unsaturated zone rating that ranges from 10 to 100 for each cell. >Factors contributing to the unsaturated zone rating. > >Description Weight > >Vertical series conductance of the unsaturated zone 3 >The harmonic mean of a series of layers of unsaturated >material provides a single value for the capacity of the >entire sequence of the unsaturated zone to transmit water >(with or without contaminants) from the land surface to >the water table. > >Land-surface slope 2 >The inclination or slope of the land surface indicates >the likelihood that precipitation will infiltrate or >run off. > >Land cover 2 >The type of material covering the land surface >influences the likelihood that precipitation will >infiltrate into the ground or run off the land surface. > >Land use 3 >The type of land use influences the likelihood of >potential nonpoint-source contamination. > SELECTED REFERENCES: Eimers, J. L., Weaver, J. C., Terziotti, S., and Midgette, R. W., 2000, Methods of rating unsaturated zone and watershed characteristics of public water supplies in North Carolina: U. S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4283, 31 p. Heath, R. C., 1994, Ground water recharge in North Carolina: Groundwater Section, North Carolina Department of Environmental Management, informal report, 52 p. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, 1999, North Carolina source water assessment program plan: Raleigh, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Health, Public Water Supply Section, [variously paged]. DISCLAIMER: Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the data set in nonproprietary form, as well as in ARC/INFO format, this metadata file may include some ARC/INFO-specific terminology.
- Time period of content:
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- Time period information:
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- Single date/time:
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- Calendar date: 2009
- Currentness reference:
Ground Condition
- Status:
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- Progress: In work
- Maintenance and update frequency: As Needed
- Spatial domain:
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- Bounding coordinates:
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- *West bounding coordinate: -84.901283
- *East bounding coordinate: -74.884006
- *North bounding coordinate: 36.982818
- *South bounding coordinate: 33.256483
- Local bounding coordinates:
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- *Left bounding coordinate: 83406.419070
- *Right bounding coordinate: 976386.419070
- *Top bounding coordinate: 358675.256043
- *Bottom bounding coordinate: -39784.743957
- Keywords:
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- Theme:
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- Theme keywords: Inherenent Vulnerability, soils, land use, land cover, ground water, slope, elevation
- Theme keyword thesaurus: none
- Place:
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- Place keywords: North Carolina
- Place keyword thesaurus: none
- Access constraints: none
- Use constraints:
- Point of contact:
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- Contact information:
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- Contact person primary:
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- Contact person: Silvia Terziotti
- Contact organization: U.S. Geological Survey
- Contact position: Computer Specialist
- Contact address:
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- Address type: mailing address
- Address:
- City: Raleigh
- State or province: NC
- Postal code: 27607
- Country: USA
3916 Sunset Ridge Road
- Contact voice telephone: (919) 571-4000
- Contact facsimile telephone: (919) 571-4041
- Contact electronic mail address: (seterzio@usgs.gov)
- Data set credit:
- *Native dataset format: Raster Dataset
- *Native data set environment:
- Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.2 (Build 3790) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.6.1500
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Watershed Characteristics Rating for North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-490
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01490/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Unsaturated Zone Characteristics Rating for North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-489
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01489/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Land-Use Classes to Characterize Watersheds and the Unsaturated Zone in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-493
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01493/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Land-Cover Classes to Characterize the Unsaturated Zone in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-491
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01491/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Percent-Slope Classes to Characterize the Unsaturated Zone in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-495
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01495/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Jo Leslie Eimers, Silvia Terziotti and Gloria Ferrell
- Title:
- Vertical Series Hydraulic Conductance Classes to Characterize the Unsaturated Zone in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-486
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01486/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Jo Leslie Eimers, Silvia Terziotti and Mary Giorgino
- Title:
- Estimated Depth to Water, North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-487
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01487/index.html
- Cross reference:
-
- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Land-Cover Classes to Characterize Watersheds in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-492
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01492/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Average Annual Precipitation Classes to Characterize Watersheds in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-494
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01494/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Percent-Slope Classes to Characterize Watersheds in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-496
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01496/index.html
- Cross reference:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Silvia Terziotti and Jo Leslie Eimers
- Title:
- Ground-Water Contribution Classes to Characterize Watersheds in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2001
- Geospatial data presentation form: map
- Series information:
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- Series name: USGS Open-File Report
- Issue identification: USGS OFR 01-488
- Publication information:
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- Publication place: Raleigh, NC
- Publisher: USGS
- Online linkage: http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/ofr01488/index.html
Not to be used for site specific analysis
The authors are grateful to colleagues in the Public Water Supply Section of the Division of Environmental Health, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) for their assistance in this collaborative project: thanks to Robert Midgette, Protection and Enforcement Branch Head; Amy Axon,hydrogeologist - Source Water Protection; and David Hammermann, Geographic Information Systems Specialist. The authors also thank the USGS report review team for their review of the update procedures: Jeanne Robbins, Surface-water Specialist; Melinda Chapman, Ground-water Specialist; Mary Giorgino, Water-quality Specialist; and Douglas Harned, ALBE-National Water Quality Assessment Project Chief
- Data Quality Information:
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- Attribute accuracy:
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- Attribute accuracy report:
visually verified against original source
- Logical consistency report:
- Completeness report:
- Positional accuracy:
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- Horizontal positional accuracy:
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- Horizontal positional accuracy report:
visually verified
- Lineage:
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- Source information:
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- Source citation:
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- Citation information:
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- Originators: Eimers, J. L., Weaver, J. C., Terziotti, S., Midgette, R. W.
- Title:
- Methods of rating unsaturated zone and watershed characteristics of public water supplies in North Carolina
- Publication date: 2000
- Series information:
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- Series name: U. S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations
- Issue identification: WRIR 99-4283
- Type of source media: paper
- Source citation abbreviation:
- Eimers and others (2000)
- Source contribution:
- Source time period of content:
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- Time period information:
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- Single date/time:
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- Calendar date: 2000
- Source currentness reference:
- publication date
methods for applying ratings
- Process step:
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- Process description:
- Process date: 2009
Create a grid based on the weighted values of the contributing factors. inher_gw = ( ..\landcover\landcovergw * 2 ) + ( ..\landuse\landusegw * 3 ) + ( ..\soils\condgw * 3 ) + ( ..\slope\slopegw * 2 )
- Process step:
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- Process description:
- Process date: 2009
First draft of metadata created by seterzio using FGDCMETA.AML ver. 1.33 07/15/99 on ARC/INFO data set h:\gw_layers\inher_gw
- Process step:
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- Process description:
- Source used citation abbreviation:
- W:\SWAP_updates\Documents\Metadata\inher_gw.xml
Metadata imported.
Not applicable for raster data.
Completed for the State of North Carolina.
- Spatial Data Organization Information:
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- *Direct spatial reference method: Raster
- Raster object information:
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- *Image format:
- *Number of bands: 1
- *Row count: 13282
- *Column count: 29766
- *Vertical count: 1
- *Cell size X direction: 30.000000
- *Cell size Y direction: 30.000000
- *Bits per pixel: 8
- *Pyramid layers: FALSE
- *Image colormap: FALSE
- *Compression type: Default
- *Raster object type: Grid Cell
- *Raster display type: matrix values
- *Raster origin: Upper Left
- Spatial Reference Information:
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- Horizontal coordinate system definition:
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- Coordinate system name:
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- *Projected coordinate system name: NAD_1983_StatePlane_North_Carolina_FIPS_3200
- *Geographic coordinate system name: GCS_North_American_1983
- Planar:
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- Grid coordinate system:
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- *Grid coordinate system name: State Plane Coordinate System 1983
- State Plane Coordinate System:
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- *SPCS zone identifier: 3200
- Lambert conformal conic:
- *Standard parallel: 34.333333
- *Standard parallel: 36.166667
- *Longitude of central meridian: -79.000000
- *Latitude of projection origin: 33.750000
- *False easting: 609601.220000
- *False northing: 0.000000
- Planar coordinate information:
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- *Planar coordinate encoding method: row and column
- Coordinate representation:
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- *Abscissa resolution: 30.000000
- *Ordinate resolution: 30.000000
- *Planar distance units: meters
- Geodetic model:
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- *Horizontal datum name: North American Datum of 1983
- *Ellipsoid name: Geodetic Reference System 80
- *Semi-major axis: 6378137.000000
- *Denominator of flattening ratio: 298.257222
- Entity and Attribute Information:
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- Detailed description:
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- *Name: inher_gw.vat
- Entity type:
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- *Entity type label: inher_gw.vat
- *Entity type type: Table
- *Entity type count: 70
- Attribute:
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- Attribute label: Rowid
- Attribute definition:
- Attribute definition source:
- Attribute domain values:
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- Unrepresentable domain:
- Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Internal feature number.
ESRI
- Attribute:
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- Attribute label: VALUE
- Attribute:
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- Attribute label: COUNT
- Overview description:
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- Entity and attribute overview:
- Entity and attribute detail citation:
> >Value attribute table, INHER_GW.VAT: > >COLUMN ITEM NAME WIDTH OUTPUT TYPE N.DEC ALTERNATE NAME > 1 VALUE 4 10 B - > 5 COUNT 4 10 B - > VALUE is rating between 10 and 100. COUNT is the number of 30 meter by 30 meter cells that have the value in positive integers. In the final data set, the values range from 12 to 84. >Summary statistics table, INHER_GW.STA: > >COLUMN ITEM NAME WIDTH OUTPUT TYPE N.DEC ALTERNATE NAME > 1 MIN 8 15 F 3 > 9 MAX 8 15 F 3 > 17 MEAN 8 15 F 3 > 25 STDV 8 15 F 3 MIN is the minimum value. MAX is the maximum value. MEAN is the average value. STDV is the standard deviation. > MIN MAX MEAN STDV >12.000 84.000 52.873 10.973
none
- Distribution Information:
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- Distributor:
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- Contact information:
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- Contact organization primary:
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- Contact organization: U.S. Geological Survey
- Contact position: Information Officer
- Contact address:
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- Address type: mailing and physical address
- Address:
- City: Raleigh
- State or province: NC
- Postal code: 27607
- Country: USA
3916 Sunset Ridge Rd.
- Contact voice telephone: (919) 571-4000
- Contact electronic mail address: gs-w-ncrlg_www@usgs.gov
- Contact instructions:
Contact via email
- Resource description: Downloadable Data
- Distribution liability:
- Standard order process:
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- Digital form:
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- Digital transfer information:
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- *Transfer size: 120.582
- *Dataset size: 120.582
Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S. Geological Survey in the use of this data, software, or related materials.
- Metadata Reference Information:
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- *Metadata date: 20090702
- Metadata review date: 2009
- *Language of metadata: en
- Metadata contact:
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- Contact information:
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- Contact organization primary:
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- Contact person: North Carolina Water Science Center Director
- Contact organization: U.S. Geological Survey
- Contact position: Director
- Contact address:
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- Address type: mailing and physical address
- Address:
- City: Raleigh
- State or province: NC
- Postal code: 27607
- Country: USA
3916 Sunset Ridge Road
- Contact voice telephone: (919) 571-4000
- Contact facsimile telephone: (919) 571-4041
- Contact electronic mail address: dc_nc@usgs.gov
- *Metadata standard name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
- *Metadata standard version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
- *Metadata time convention: local time
- Metadata access constraints: none
- Metadata use constraints:
- none
- Metadata extensions:
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- Online linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
- Profile name: ESRI Metadata Profile
- Metadata extensions:
-
- *Online linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
- *Profile name: ESRI Metadata Profile