Assessing water quality at large geographic scales: Relations among land use, water physiochemistry, riparian condition, and fish community structure
Journal Article
By Michael R. Meador and Robert M. Goldstein
Full Journal Article (PDF, 14 pages, 157 Kb)
Abstract
Data collected from 172 sites in 20 major river basins between 1993 and 1995 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program were analyzed to assess relations among basinwide land use (agriculture, forest, urban, range), water physiochemistry, riparian condition, and fish community structure. A multimetric approach was used to develop regionally referenced indices of fish community and riparian condition. Across large geographic areas, decreased riparian condition was associated with water-quality constituents indicative of nonpoint source inputs--total nitrogen and suspended sediment and basinwide urban land use. Decreased fish community condition was associated with increases in total dissolved solids and rangeland use and decreases in riparian condition and agricultural use. Fish community condition was relatively high even in areas where agricultural land use was relatively high (>50% of the basin). Although agricultural land use can have deleterious effects on fish communities, the results of this study suggest that other factors also may be important, including practices that reglate the delivery of nutrients, suspsneded sediments, and total dissolved solids into streams. Across large geographic scales, measures of water physiochemistry may be better indicators of fish community condition than basinwide land use. Whereas numerous studies have indicated that riparian restorations are successful in specific cases, this analysis suggests the universal importance of riparian zones to the maintenance and restoration of diverse fish communities in streams.
Citation:
Meador, M.R., and Goldstein, R.M., 2003, Assessing water quality at large geographic scales--Relations among land use, water physiochemistry, riparian condition, and fish community structure: Environmental Management, v. 31, no. 4, p. 504-517.
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